Why We Sleep — The Competing Theories

The Prompt

Write an explanatory essay presenting at least four major theories of sleep function: memory consolidation, synaptic homeostasis (Tononi and Cirelli), metabolic clearance via the glymphatic system (Nedergaard), and immune modulation. For each theory, explain the key evidence and the principal objections. Conclude with an assessment of whether these theories are complementary or competing, and why the fundamental question remains open.

Completion Criteria

An essay of at least 800 words accurately presenting at least four theories of sleep function with correct citations, explaining the evidence for and objections to each, and offering a reasoned assessment of the state of the field.

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