Koutsoupias, Roughgarden, and the Cost of Freedom

The Prompt

Explain the Price of Anarchy to a reader unfamiliar with game theory. Begin with the Koutsoupias-Papadimitriou 1999 definition, proceed through Roughgarden and Tardos's 2002 result on selfish routing, and connect the concept to Braess's paradox. State what is known and for which game classes the Price of Anarchy remains open. Cite at least three sources.

Completion Criteria

A short essay of three or four paragraphs suitable for an educated non-specialist, with three citations and a note on open problems.

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